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mongo-python-driver/pymongo/collection.py
Bernie Hackett 146179db53 PYTHON-2803 Eliminate the use of 'slave'
2021-09-13 12:47:24 -07:00

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# Copyright 2009-present MongoDB, Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""Collection level utilities for Mongo."""
import datetime
import warnings
from collections import abc
from bson.code import Code
from bson.objectid import ObjectId
from bson.raw_bson import RawBSONDocument
from bson.codec_options import CodecOptions
from bson.son import SON
from pymongo import (common,
helpers,
message)
from pymongo.aggregation import (_CollectionAggregationCommand,
_CollectionRawAggregationCommand)
from pymongo.bulk import _Bulk
from pymongo.command_cursor import CommandCursor, RawBatchCommandCursor
from pymongo.collation import validate_collation_or_none
from pymongo.change_stream import CollectionChangeStream
from pymongo.cursor import Cursor, RawBatchCursor
from pymongo.errors import (ConfigurationError,
InvalidName,
InvalidOperation,
OperationFailure)
from pymongo.helpers import _check_write_command_response
from pymongo.message import _UNICODE_REPLACE_CODEC_OPTIONS
from pymongo.operations import IndexModel
from pymongo.read_preferences import ReadPreference
from pymongo.results import (BulkWriteResult,
DeleteResult,
InsertOneResult,
InsertManyResult,
UpdateResult)
from pymongo.write_concern import WriteConcern
_FIND_AND_MODIFY_DOC_FIELDS = {'value': 1}
class ReturnDocument(object):
"""An enum used with
:meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.find_one_and_replace` and
:meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.find_one_and_update`.
"""
BEFORE = False
"""Return the original document before it was updated/replaced, or
``None`` if no document matches the query.
"""
AFTER = True
"""Return the updated/replaced or inserted document."""
class Collection(common.BaseObject):
"""A Mongo collection.
"""
def __init__(self, database, name, create=False, codec_options=None,
read_preference=None, write_concern=None, read_concern=None,
session=None, **kwargs):
"""Get / create a Mongo collection.
Raises :class:`TypeError` if `name` is not an instance of
:class:`basestring` (:class:`str` in python 3). Raises
:class:`~pymongo.errors.InvalidName` if `name` is not a valid
collection name. Any additional keyword arguments will be used
as options passed to the create command. See
:meth:`~pymongo.database.Database.create_collection` for valid
options.
If `create` is ``True``, `collation` is specified, or any additional
keyword arguments are present, a ``create`` command will be
sent, using ``session`` if specified. Otherwise, a ``create`` command
will not be sent and the collection will be created implicitly on first
use. The optional ``session`` argument is *only* used for the ``create``
command, it is not associated with the collection afterward.
:Parameters:
- `database`: the database to get a collection from
- `name`: the name of the collection to get
- `create` (optional): if ``True``, force collection
creation even without options being set
- `codec_options` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~bson.codec_options.CodecOptions`. If ``None`` (the
default) database.codec_options is used.
- `read_preference` (optional): The read preference to use. If
``None`` (the default) database.read_preference is used.
- `write_concern` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern`. If ``None`` (the
default) database.write_concern is used.
- `read_concern` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.read_concern.ReadConcern`. If ``None`` (the
default) database.read_concern is used.
- `collation` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. If a collation is provided,
it will be passed to the create collection command. This option is
only supported on MongoDB 3.4 and above.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession` that is used with
the create collection command
- `**kwargs` (optional): additional keyword arguments will
be passed as options for the create collection command
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Support the `collation` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.2
Added the read_concern option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.0
Added the codec_options, read_preference, and write_concern options.
Removed the uuid_subtype attribute.
:class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` no longer returns an
instance of :class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` for attribute
names with leading underscores. You must use dict-style lookups
instead::
collection['__my_collection__']
Not:
collection.__my_collection__
.. seealso:: The MongoDB documentation on `collections <https://dochub.mongodb.org/core/collections>`_.
"""
super(Collection, self).__init__(
codec_options or database.codec_options,
read_preference or database.read_preference,
write_concern or database.write_concern,
read_concern or database.read_concern)
if not isinstance(name, str):
raise TypeError("name must be an instance of str")
if not name or ".." in name:
raise InvalidName("collection names cannot be empty")
if "$" in name and not (name.startswith("oplog.$main") or
name.startswith("$cmd")):
raise InvalidName("collection names must not "
"contain '$': %r" % name)
if name[0] == "." or name[-1] == ".":
raise InvalidName("collection names must not start "
"or end with '.': %r" % name)
if "\x00" in name:
raise InvalidName("collection names must not contain the "
"null character")
collation = validate_collation_or_none(kwargs.pop('collation', None))
self.__database = database
self.__name = name
self.__full_name = "%s.%s" % (self.__database.name, self.__name)
if create or kwargs or collation:
self.__create(kwargs, collation, session)
self.__write_response_codec_options = self.codec_options._replace(
unicode_decode_error_handler='replace',
document_class=dict)
def _socket_for_reads(self, session):
return self.__database.client._socket_for_reads(
self._read_preference_for(session), session)
def _socket_for_writes(self, session):
return self.__database.client._socket_for_writes(session)
def _command(self, sock_info, command, secondary_ok=False,
read_preference=None,
codec_options=None, check=True, allowable_errors=None,
read_concern=None,
write_concern=None,
collation=None,
session=None,
retryable_write=False,
user_fields=None):
"""Internal command helper.
:Parameters:
- `sock_info` - A SocketInfo instance.
- `command` - The command itself, as a SON instance.
- `secondary_ok`: whether to set the secondaryOkay wire protocol bit.
- `codec_options` (optional) - An instance of
:class:`~bson.codec_options.CodecOptions`.
- `check`: raise OperationFailure if there are errors
- `allowable_errors`: errors to ignore if `check` is True
- `read_concern` (optional) - An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.read_concern.ReadConcern`.
- `write_concern`: An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern`. This option is only
valid for MongoDB 3.4 and above.
- `collation` (optional) - An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `retryable_write` (optional): True if this command is a retryable
write.
- `user_fields` (optional): Response fields that should be decoded
using the TypeDecoders from codec_options, passed to
bson._decode_all_selective.
:Returns:
The result document.
"""
with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session) as s:
return sock_info.command(
self.__database.name,
command,
secondary_ok,
read_preference or self._read_preference_for(session),
codec_options or self.codec_options,
check,
allowable_errors,
read_concern=read_concern,
write_concern=write_concern,
parse_write_concern_error=True,
collation=collation,
session=s,
client=self.__database.client,
retryable_write=retryable_write,
user_fields=user_fields)
def __create(self, options, collation, session):
"""Sends a create command with the given options.
"""
cmd = SON([("create", self.__name)])
if options:
if "size" in options:
options["size"] = float(options["size"])
cmd.update(options)
with self._socket_for_writes(session) as sock_info:
self._command(
sock_info, cmd, read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY,
write_concern=self._write_concern_for(session),
collation=collation, session=session)
def __getattr__(self, name):
"""Get a sub-collection of this collection by name.
Raises InvalidName if an invalid collection name is used.
:Parameters:
- `name`: the name of the collection to get
"""
if name.startswith('_'):
full_name = "%s.%s" % (self.__name, name)
raise AttributeError(
"Collection has no attribute %r. To access the %s"
" collection, use database['%s']." % (
name, full_name, full_name))
return self.__getitem__(name)
def __getitem__(self, name):
return Collection(self.__database,
"%s.%s" % (self.__name, name),
False,
self.codec_options,
self.read_preference,
self.write_concern,
self.read_concern)
def __repr__(self):
return "Collection(%r, %r)" % (self.__database, self.__name)
def __eq__(self, other):
if isinstance(other, Collection):
return (self.__database == other.database and
self.__name == other.name)
return NotImplemented
def __ne__(self, other):
return not self == other
def __hash__(self):
return hash((self.__database, self.__name))
@property
def full_name(self):
"""The full name of this :class:`Collection`.
The full name is of the form `database_name.collection_name`.
"""
return self.__full_name
@property
def name(self):
"""The name of this :class:`Collection`."""
return self.__name
@property
def database(self):
"""The :class:`~pymongo.database.Database` that this
:class:`Collection` is a part of.
"""
return self.__database
def with_options(self, codec_options=None, read_preference=None,
write_concern=None, read_concern=None):
"""Get a clone of this collection changing the specified settings.
>>> coll1.read_preference
Primary()
>>> from pymongo import ReadPreference
>>> coll2 = coll1.with_options(read_preference=ReadPreference.SECONDARY)
>>> coll1.read_preference
Primary()
>>> coll2.read_preference
Secondary(tag_sets=None)
:Parameters:
- `codec_options` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~bson.codec_options.CodecOptions`. If ``None`` (the
default) the :attr:`codec_options` of this :class:`Collection`
is used.
- `read_preference` (optional): The read preference to use. If
``None`` (the default) the :attr:`read_preference` of this
:class:`Collection` is used. See :mod:`~pymongo.read_preferences`
for options.
- `write_concern` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern`. If ``None`` (the
default) the :attr:`write_concern` of this :class:`Collection`
is used.
- `read_concern` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.read_concern.ReadConcern`. If ``None`` (the
default) the :attr:`read_concern` of this :class:`Collection`
is used.
"""
return Collection(self.__database,
self.__name,
False,
codec_options or self.codec_options,
read_preference or self.read_preference,
write_concern or self.write_concern,
read_concern or self.read_concern)
def bulk_write(self, requests, ordered=True,
bypass_document_validation=False, session=None):
"""Send a batch of write operations to the server.
Requests are passed as a list of write operation instances (
:class:`~pymongo.operations.InsertOne`,
:class:`~pymongo.operations.UpdateOne`,
:class:`~pymongo.operations.UpdateMany`,
:class:`~pymongo.operations.ReplaceOne`,
:class:`~pymongo.operations.DeleteOne`, or
:class:`~pymongo.operations.DeleteMany`).
>>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
... print(doc)
...
{'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62e60fba5226811f634ef')}
{'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62e60fba5226811f634f0')}
>>> # DeleteMany, UpdateOne, and UpdateMany are also available.
...
>>> from pymongo import InsertOne, DeleteOne, ReplaceOne
>>> requests = [InsertOne({'y': 1}), DeleteOne({'x': 1}),
... ReplaceOne({'w': 1}, {'z': 1}, upsert=True)]
>>> result = db.test.bulk_write(requests)
>>> result.inserted_count
1
>>> result.deleted_count
1
>>> result.modified_count
0
>>> result.upserted_ids
{2: ObjectId('54f62ee28891e756a6e1abd5')}
>>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
... print(doc)
...
{'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62e60fba5226811f634f0')}
{'y': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62ee2fba5226811f634f1')}
{'z': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62ee28891e756a6e1abd5')}
:Parameters:
- `requests`: A list of write operations (see examples above).
- `ordered` (optional): If ``True`` (the default) requests will be
performed on the server serially, in the order provided. If an error
occurs all remaining operations are aborted. If ``False`` requests
will be performed on the server in arbitrary order, possibly in
parallel, and all operations will be attempted.
- `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the
write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is
``False``.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
:Returns:
An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.BulkWriteResult`.
.. seealso:: :ref:`writes-and-ids`
.. note:: `bypass_document_validation` requires server version
**>= 3.2**
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.2
Added bypass_document_validation support
.. versionadded:: 3.0
"""
common.validate_list("requests", requests)
blk = _Bulk(self, ordered, bypass_document_validation)
for request in requests:
try:
request._add_to_bulk(blk)
except AttributeError:
raise TypeError("%r is not a valid request" % (request,))
write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
bulk_api_result = blk.execute(write_concern, session)
if bulk_api_result is not None:
return BulkWriteResult(bulk_api_result, True)
return BulkWriteResult({}, False)
def _legacy_write(self, sock_info, name, cmd, op_id,
bypass_doc_val, func, *args):
"""Internal legacy unacknowledged write helper."""
# Cannot have both unacknowledged write and bypass document validation.
if bypass_doc_val and sock_info.max_wire_version >= 4:
raise OperationFailure("Cannot set bypass_document_validation with"
" unacknowledged write concern")
listeners = self.database.client._event_listeners
publish = listeners.enabled_for_commands
if publish:
start = datetime.datetime.now()
args = args + (sock_info.compression_context,)
rqst_id, msg, max_size = func(*args)
if publish:
duration = datetime.datetime.now() - start
listeners.publish_command_start(
cmd, self.__database.name, rqst_id, sock_info.address, op_id,
sock_info.service_id)
start = datetime.datetime.now()
try:
result = sock_info.legacy_write(rqst_id, msg, max_size, False)
except Exception as exc:
if publish:
dur = (datetime.datetime.now() - start) + duration
if isinstance(exc, OperationFailure):
details = exc.details
# Succeed if GLE was successful and this is a write error.
if details.get("ok") and "n" in details:
reply = message._convert_write_result(
name, cmd, details)
listeners.publish_command_success(
dur, reply, name, rqst_id, sock_info.address,
op_id, sock_info.service_id)
raise
else:
details = message._convert_exception(exc)
listeners.publish_command_failure(
dur, details, name, rqst_id, sock_info.address, op_id,
sock_info.service_id)
raise
if publish:
if result is not None:
reply = message._convert_write_result(name, cmd, result)
else:
# Comply with APM spec.
reply = {'ok': 1}
duration = (datetime.datetime.now() - start) + duration
listeners.publish_command_success(
duration, reply, name, rqst_id, sock_info.address, op_id,
sock_info.service_id)
return result
def _insert_one(
self, doc, ordered,
check_keys, write_concern, op_id, bypass_doc_val,
session):
"""Internal helper for inserting a single document."""
write_concern = write_concern or self.write_concern
acknowledged = write_concern.acknowledged
command = SON([('insert', self.name),
('ordered', ordered),
('documents', [doc])])
if not write_concern.is_server_default:
command['writeConcern'] = write_concern.document
def _insert_command(session, sock_info, retryable_write):
if not sock_info.op_msg_enabled and not acknowledged:
# Legacy OP_INSERT.
return self._legacy_write(
sock_info, 'insert', command, op_id,
bypass_doc_val, message._insert, self.__full_name,
[doc], check_keys, False,
self.__write_response_codec_options)
if bypass_doc_val and sock_info.max_wire_version >= 4:
command['bypassDocumentValidation'] = True
result = sock_info.command(
self.__database.name,
command,
write_concern=write_concern,
codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options,
check_keys=check_keys,
session=session,
client=self.__database.client,
retryable_write=retryable_write)
_check_write_command_response(result)
self.__database.client._retryable_write(
acknowledged, _insert_command, session)
if not isinstance(doc, RawBSONDocument):
return doc.get('_id')
def insert_one(self, document, bypass_document_validation=False,
session=None):
"""Insert a single document.
>>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1})
0
>>> result = db.test.insert_one({'x': 1})
>>> result.inserted_id
ObjectId('54f112defba522406c9cc208')
>>> db.test.find_one({'x': 1})
{'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f112defba522406c9cc208')}
:Parameters:
- `document`: The document to insert. Must be a mutable mapping
type. If the document does not have an _id field one will be
added automatically.
- `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the
write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is
``False``.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
:Returns:
- An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.InsertOneResult`.
.. seealso:: :ref:`writes-and-ids`
.. note:: `bypass_document_validation` requires server version
**>= 3.2**
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.2
Added bypass_document_validation support
.. versionadded:: 3.0
"""
common.validate_is_document_type("document", document)
if not (isinstance(document, RawBSONDocument) or "_id" in document):
document["_id"] = ObjectId()
write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
return InsertOneResult(
self._insert_one(
document, ordered=True, check_keys=False,
write_concern=write_concern, op_id=None,
bypass_doc_val=bypass_document_validation, session=session),
write_concern.acknowledged)
def insert_many(self, documents, ordered=True,
bypass_document_validation=False, session=None):
"""Insert an iterable of documents.
>>> db.test.count_documents({})
0
>>> result = db.test.insert_many([{'x': i} for i in range(2)])
>>> result.inserted_ids
[ObjectId('54f113fffba522406c9cc20e'), ObjectId('54f113fffba522406c9cc20f')]
>>> db.test.count_documents({})
2
:Parameters:
- `documents`: A iterable of documents to insert.
- `ordered` (optional): If ``True`` (the default) documents will be
inserted on the server serially, in the order provided. If an error
occurs all remaining inserts are aborted. If ``False``, documents
will be inserted on the server in arbitrary order, possibly in
parallel, and all document inserts will be attempted.
- `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the
write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is
``False``.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
:Returns:
An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.InsertManyResult`.
.. seealso:: :ref:`writes-and-ids`
.. note:: `bypass_document_validation` requires server version
**>= 3.2**
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.2
Added bypass_document_validation support
.. versionadded:: 3.0
"""
if (not isinstance(documents, abc.Iterable)
or isinstance(documents, abc.Mapping)
or not documents):
raise TypeError("documents must be a non-empty list")
inserted_ids = []
def gen():
"""A generator that validates documents and handles _ids."""
for document in documents:
common.validate_is_document_type("document", document)
if not isinstance(document, RawBSONDocument):
if "_id" not in document:
document["_id"] = ObjectId()
inserted_ids.append(document["_id"])
yield (message._INSERT, document)
write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
blk = _Bulk(self, ordered, bypass_document_validation)
blk.ops = [doc for doc in gen()]
blk.execute(write_concern, session=session)
return InsertManyResult(inserted_ids, write_concern.acknowledged)
def _update(self, sock_info, criteria, document, upsert=False,
check_keys=False, multi=False,
write_concern=None, op_id=None, ordered=True,
bypass_doc_val=False, collation=None, array_filters=None,
hint=None, session=None, retryable_write=False):
"""Internal update / replace helper."""
common.validate_boolean("upsert", upsert)
collation = validate_collation_or_none(collation)
write_concern = write_concern or self.write_concern
acknowledged = write_concern.acknowledged
update_doc = SON([('q', criteria),
('u', document),
('multi', multi),
('upsert', upsert)])
if collation is not None:
if sock_info.max_wire_version < 5:
raise ConfigurationError(
'Must be connected to MongoDB 3.4+ to use collations.')
elif not acknowledged:
raise ConfigurationError(
'Collation is unsupported for unacknowledged writes.')
else:
update_doc['collation'] = collation
if array_filters is not None:
if sock_info.max_wire_version < 6:
raise ConfigurationError(
'Must be connected to MongoDB 3.6+ to use array_filters.')
elif not acknowledged:
raise ConfigurationError(
'arrayFilters is unsupported for unacknowledged writes.')
else:
update_doc['arrayFilters'] = array_filters
if hint is not None:
if sock_info.max_wire_version < 5:
raise ConfigurationError(
'Must be connected to MongoDB 3.4+ to use hint.')
elif not acknowledged:
raise ConfigurationError(
'hint is unsupported for unacknowledged writes.')
if not isinstance(hint, str):
hint = helpers._index_document(hint)
update_doc['hint'] = hint
command = SON([('update', self.name),
('ordered', ordered),
('updates', [update_doc])])
if not write_concern.is_server_default:
command['writeConcern'] = write_concern.document
if not sock_info.op_msg_enabled and not acknowledged:
# Legacy OP_UPDATE.
return self._legacy_write(
sock_info, 'update', command, op_id,
bypass_doc_val, message._update, self.__full_name, upsert,
multi, criteria, document, check_keys,
self.__write_response_codec_options)
# Update command.
if bypass_doc_val and sock_info.max_wire_version >= 4:
command['bypassDocumentValidation'] = True
# The command result has to be published for APM unmodified
# so we make a shallow copy here before adding updatedExisting.
result = sock_info.command(
self.__database.name,
command,
write_concern=write_concern,
codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options,
session=session,
client=self.__database.client,
retryable_write=retryable_write).copy()
_check_write_command_response(result)
# Add the updatedExisting field for compatibility.
if result.get('n') and 'upserted' not in result:
result['updatedExisting'] = True
else:
result['updatedExisting'] = False
# MongoDB >= 2.6.0 returns the upsert _id in an array
# element. Break it out for backward compatibility.
if 'upserted' in result:
result['upserted'] = result['upserted'][0]['_id']
if not acknowledged:
return None
return result
def _update_retryable(
self, criteria, document, upsert=False,
check_keys=False, multi=False,
write_concern=None, op_id=None, ordered=True,
bypass_doc_val=False, collation=None, array_filters=None,
hint=None, session=None):
"""Internal update / replace helper."""
def _update(session, sock_info, retryable_write):
return self._update(
sock_info, criteria, document, upsert=upsert,
check_keys=check_keys, multi=multi,
write_concern=write_concern, op_id=op_id, ordered=ordered,
bypass_doc_val=bypass_doc_val, collation=collation,
array_filters=array_filters, hint=hint, session=session,
retryable_write=retryable_write)
return self.__database.client._retryable_write(
(write_concern or self.write_concern).acknowledged and not multi,
_update, session)
def replace_one(self, filter, replacement, upsert=False,
bypass_document_validation=False, collation=None,
hint=None, session=None):
"""Replace a single document matching the filter.
>>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
... print(doc)
...
{'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f4c5befba5220aa4d6dee7')}
>>> result = db.test.replace_one({'x': 1}, {'y': 1})
>>> result.matched_count
1
>>> result.modified_count
1
>>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
... print(doc)
...
{'y': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f4c5befba5220aa4d6dee7')}
The *upsert* option can be used to insert a new document if a matching
document does not exist.
>>> result = db.test.replace_one({'x': 1}, {'x': 1}, True)
>>> result.matched_count
0
>>> result.modified_count
0
>>> result.upserted_id
ObjectId('54f11e5c8891e756a6e1abd4')
>>> db.test.find_one({'x': 1})
{'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f11e5c8891e756a6e1abd4')}
:Parameters:
- `filter`: A query that matches the document to replace.
- `replacement`: The new document.
- `upsert` (optional): If ``True``, perform an insert if no documents
match the filter.
- `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the
write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is
``False``. This option is only supported on MongoDB 3.2 and above.
- `collation` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. This option is only supported
on MongoDB 3.4 and above.
- `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query
predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same
format as passed to
:meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on
MongoDB 4.2 and above.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
:Returns:
- An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.UpdateResult`.
.. versionchanged:: 3.11
Added ``hint`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Added the `collation` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.2
Added bypass_document_validation support.
.. versionadded:: 3.0
"""
common.validate_is_mapping("filter", filter)
common.validate_ok_for_replace(replacement)
write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
return UpdateResult(
self._update_retryable(
filter, replacement, upsert,
write_concern=write_concern,
bypass_doc_val=bypass_document_validation,
collation=collation, hint=hint, session=session),
write_concern.acknowledged)
def update_one(self, filter, update, upsert=False,
bypass_document_validation=False,
collation=None, array_filters=None, hint=None,
session=None):
"""Update a single document matching the filter.
>>> for doc in db.test.find():
... print(doc)
...
{'x': 1, '_id': 0}
{'x': 1, '_id': 1}
{'x': 1, '_id': 2}
>>> result = db.test.update_one({'x': 1}, {'$inc': {'x': 3}})
>>> result.matched_count
1
>>> result.modified_count
1
>>> for doc in db.test.find():
... print(doc)
...
{'x': 4, '_id': 0}
{'x': 1, '_id': 1}
{'x': 1, '_id': 2}
:Parameters:
- `filter`: A query that matches the document to update.
- `update`: The modifications to apply.
- `upsert` (optional): If ``True``, perform an insert if no documents
match the filter.
- `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the
write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is
``False``. This option is only supported on MongoDB 3.2 and above.
- `collation` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. This option is only supported
on MongoDB 3.4 and above.
- `array_filters` (optional): A list of filters specifying which
array elements an update should apply. This option is only
supported on MongoDB 3.6 and above.
- `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query
predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same
format as passed to
:meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on
MongoDB 4.2 and above.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
:Returns:
- An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.UpdateResult`.
.. versionchanged:: 3.11
Added ``hint`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.9
Added the ability to accept a pipeline as the ``update``.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added the ``array_filters`` and ``session`` parameters.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Added the ``collation`` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.2
Added ``bypass_document_validation`` support.
.. versionadded:: 3.0
"""
common.validate_is_mapping("filter", filter)
common.validate_ok_for_update(update)
common.validate_list_or_none('array_filters', array_filters)
write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
return UpdateResult(
self._update_retryable(
filter, update, upsert, check_keys=False,
write_concern=write_concern,
bypass_doc_val=bypass_document_validation,
collation=collation, array_filters=array_filters,
hint=hint, session=session),
write_concern.acknowledged)
def update_many(self, filter, update, upsert=False, array_filters=None,
bypass_document_validation=False, collation=None,
hint=None, session=None):
"""Update one or more documents that match the filter.
>>> for doc in db.test.find():
... print(doc)
...
{'x': 1, '_id': 0}
{'x': 1, '_id': 1}
{'x': 1, '_id': 2}
>>> result = db.test.update_many({'x': 1}, {'$inc': {'x': 3}})
>>> result.matched_count
3
>>> result.modified_count
3
>>> for doc in db.test.find():
... print(doc)
...
{'x': 4, '_id': 0}
{'x': 4, '_id': 1}
{'x': 4, '_id': 2}
:Parameters:
- `filter`: A query that matches the documents to update.
- `update`: The modifications to apply.
- `upsert` (optional): If ``True``, perform an insert if no documents
match the filter.
- `bypass_document_validation` (optional): If ``True``, allows the
write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is
``False``. This option is only supported on MongoDB 3.2 and above.
- `collation` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. This option is only supported
on MongoDB 3.4 and above.
- `array_filters` (optional): A list of filters specifying which
array elements an update should apply. This option is only
supported on MongoDB 3.6 and above.
- `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query
predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same
format as passed to
:meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on
MongoDB 4.2 and above.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
:Returns:
- An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.UpdateResult`.
.. versionchanged:: 3.11
Added ``hint`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.9
Added the ability to accept a pipeline as the `update`.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``array_filters`` and ``session`` parameters.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Added the `collation` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.2
Added bypass_document_validation support.
.. versionadded:: 3.0
"""
common.validate_is_mapping("filter", filter)
common.validate_ok_for_update(update)
common.validate_list_or_none('array_filters', array_filters)
write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
return UpdateResult(
self._update_retryable(
filter, update, upsert, check_keys=False, multi=True,
write_concern=write_concern,
bypass_doc_val=bypass_document_validation,
collation=collation, array_filters=array_filters,
hint=hint, session=session),
write_concern.acknowledged)
def drop(self, session=None):
"""Alias for :meth:`~pymongo.database.Database.drop_collection`.
:Parameters:
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
The following two calls are equivalent:
>>> db.foo.drop()
>>> db.drop_collection("foo")
.. versionchanged:: 3.7
:meth:`drop` now respects this :class:`Collection`'s :attr:`write_concern`.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
"""
dbo = self.__database.client.get_database(
self.__database.name,
self.codec_options,
self.read_preference,
self.write_concern,
self.read_concern)
dbo.drop_collection(self.__name, session=session)
def _delete(
self, sock_info, criteria, multi,
write_concern=None, op_id=None, ordered=True,
collation=None, hint=None, session=None, retryable_write=False):
"""Internal delete helper."""
common.validate_is_mapping("filter", criteria)
write_concern = write_concern or self.write_concern
acknowledged = write_concern.acknowledged
delete_doc = SON([('q', criteria),
('limit', int(not multi))])
collation = validate_collation_or_none(collation)
if collation is not None:
if sock_info.max_wire_version < 5:
raise ConfigurationError(
'Must be connected to MongoDB 3.4+ to use collations.')
elif not acknowledged:
raise ConfigurationError(
'Collation is unsupported for unacknowledged writes.')
else:
delete_doc['collation'] = collation
if hint is not None:
if sock_info.max_wire_version < 5:
raise ConfigurationError(
'Must be connected to MongoDB 3.4+ to use hint.')
elif not acknowledged:
raise ConfigurationError(
'hint is unsupported for unacknowledged writes.')
if not isinstance(hint, str):
hint = helpers._index_document(hint)
delete_doc['hint'] = hint
command = SON([('delete', self.name),
('ordered', ordered),
('deletes', [delete_doc])])
if not write_concern.is_server_default:
command['writeConcern'] = write_concern.document
if not sock_info.op_msg_enabled and not acknowledged:
# Legacy OP_DELETE.
return self._legacy_write(
sock_info, 'delete', command, op_id,
False, message._delete, self.__full_name, criteria,
self.__write_response_codec_options,
int(not multi))
# Delete command.
result = sock_info.command(
self.__database.name,
command,
write_concern=write_concern,
codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options,
session=session,
client=self.__database.client,
retryable_write=retryable_write)
_check_write_command_response(result)
return result
def _delete_retryable(
self, criteria, multi,
write_concern=None, op_id=None, ordered=True,
collation=None, hint=None, session=None):
"""Internal delete helper."""
def _delete(session, sock_info, retryable_write):
return self._delete(
sock_info, criteria, multi,
write_concern=write_concern, op_id=op_id, ordered=ordered,
collation=collation, hint=hint, session=session,
retryable_write=retryable_write)
return self.__database.client._retryable_write(
(write_concern or self.write_concern).acknowledged and not multi,
_delete, session)
def delete_one(self, filter, collation=None, hint=None, session=None):
"""Delete a single document matching the filter.
>>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1})
3
>>> result = db.test.delete_one({'x': 1})
>>> result.deleted_count
1
>>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1})
2
:Parameters:
- `filter`: A query that matches the document to delete.
- `collation` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. This option is only supported
on MongoDB 3.4 and above.
- `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query
predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same
format as passed to
:meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on
MongoDB 4.4 and above.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
:Returns:
- An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.DeleteResult`.
.. versionchanged:: 3.11
Added ``hint`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Added the `collation` option.
.. versionadded:: 3.0
"""
write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
return DeleteResult(
self._delete_retryable(
filter, False,
write_concern=write_concern,
collation=collation, hint=hint, session=session),
write_concern.acknowledged)
def delete_many(self, filter, collation=None, hint=None, session=None):
"""Delete one or more documents matching the filter.
>>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1})
3
>>> result = db.test.delete_many({'x': 1})
>>> result.deleted_count
3
>>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1})
0
:Parameters:
- `filter`: A query that matches the documents to delete.
- `collation` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. This option is only supported
on MongoDB 3.4 and above.
- `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query
predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same
format as passed to
:meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on
MongoDB 4.4 and above.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
:Returns:
- An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.DeleteResult`.
.. versionchanged:: 3.11
Added ``hint`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Added the `collation` option.
.. versionadded:: 3.0
"""
write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
return DeleteResult(
self._delete_retryable(
filter, True,
write_concern=write_concern,
collation=collation, hint=hint, session=session),
write_concern.acknowledged)
def find_one(self, filter=None, *args, **kwargs):
"""Get a single document from the database.
All arguments to :meth:`find` are also valid arguments for
:meth:`find_one`, although any `limit` argument will be
ignored. Returns a single document, or ``None`` if no matching
document is found.
The :meth:`find_one` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of
this :class:`Collection`.
:Parameters:
- `filter` (optional): a dictionary specifying
the query to be performed OR any other type to be used as
the value for a query for ``"_id"``.
- `*args` (optional): any additional positional arguments
are the same as the arguments to :meth:`find`.
- `**kwargs` (optional): any additional keyword arguments
are the same as the arguments to :meth:`find`.
>>> collection.find_one(max_time_ms=100)
"""
if (filter is not None and not
isinstance(filter, abc.Mapping)):
filter = {"_id": filter}
cursor = self.find(filter, *args, **kwargs)
for result in cursor.limit(-1):
return result
return None
def find(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""Query the database.
The `filter` argument is a prototype document that all results
must match. For example:
>>> db.test.find({"hello": "world"})
only matches documents that have a key "hello" with value
"world". Matches can have other keys *in addition* to
"hello". The `projection` argument is used to specify a subset
of fields that should be included in the result documents. By
limiting results to a certain subset of fields you can cut
down on network traffic and decoding time.
Raises :class:`TypeError` if any of the arguments are of
improper type. Returns an instance of
:class:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor` corresponding to this query.
The :meth:`find` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of
this :class:`Collection`.
:Parameters:
- `filter` (optional): a SON object specifying elements which
must be present for a document to be included in the
result set
- `projection` (optional): a list of field names that should be
returned in the result set or a dict specifying the fields
to include or exclude. If `projection` is a list "_id" will
always be returned. Use a dict to exclude fields from
the result (e.g. projection={'_id': False}).
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `skip` (optional): the number of documents to omit (from
the start of the result set) when returning the results
- `limit` (optional): the maximum number of results to
return. A limit of 0 (the default) is equivalent to setting no
limit.
- `no_cursor_timeout` (optional): if False (the default), any
returned cursor is closed by the server after 10 minutes of
inactivity. If set to True, the returned cursor will never
time out on the server. Care should be taken to ensure that
cursors with no_cursor_timeout turned on are properly closed.
- `cursor_type` (optional): the type of cursor to return. The valid
options are defined by :class:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType`:
- :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.NON_TAILABLE` - the result of
this find call will return a standard cursor over the result set.
- :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.TAILABLE` - the result of this
find call will be a tailable cursor - tailable cursors are only
for use with capped collections. They are not closed when the
last data is retrieved but are kept open and the cursor location
marks the final document position. If more data is received
iteration of the cursor will continue from the last document
received. For details, see the `tailable cursor documentation
<http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/Tailable+Cursors>`_.
- :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.TAILABLE_AWAIT` - the result
of this find call will be a tailable cursor with the await flag
set. The server will wait for a few seconds after returning the
full result set so that it can capture and return additional data
added during the query.
- :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.EXHAUST` - the result of this
find call will be an exhaust cursor. MongoDB will stream batched
results to the client without waiting for the client to request
each batch, reducing latency. See notes on compatibility below.
- `sort` (optional): a list of (key, direction) pairs
specifying the sort order for this query. See
:meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.sort` for details.
- `allow_partial_results` (optional): if True, mongos will return
partial results if some shards are down instead of returning an
error.
- `oplog_replay` (optional): **DEPRECATED** - if True, set the
oplogReplay query flag. Default: False.
- `batch_size` (optional): Limits the number of documents returned in
a single batch.
- `collation` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. This option is only supported
on MongoDB 3.4 and above.
- `return_key` (optional): If True, return only the index keys in
each document.
- `show_record_id` (optional): If True, adds a field ``$recordId`` in
each document with the storage engine's internal record identifier.
- `snapshot` (optional): **DEPRECATED** - If True, prevents the
cursor from returning a document more than once because of an
intervening write operation.
- `hint` (optional): An index, in the same format as passed to
:meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). Pass this as an alternative to calling
:meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.hint` on the cursor to tell Mongo the
proper index to use for the query.
- `max_time_ms` (optional): Specifies a time limit for a query
operation. If the specified time is exceeded, the operation will be
aborted and :exc:`~pymongo.errors.ExecutionTimeout` is raised. Pass
this as an alternative to calling
:meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.max_time_ms` on the cursor.
- `max_scan` (optional): **DEPRECATED** - The maximum number of
documents to scan. Pass this as an alternative to calling
:meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.max_scan` on the cursor.
- `min` (optional): A list of field, limit pairs specifying the
inclusive lower bound for all keys of a specific index in order.
Pass this as an alternative to calling
:meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.min` on the cursor. ``hint`` must
also be passed to ensure the query utilizes the correct index.
- `max` (optional): A list of field, limit pairs specifying the
exclusive upper bound for all keys of a specific index in order.
Pass this as an alternative to calling
:meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.max` on the cursor. ``hint`` must
also be passed to ensure the query utilizes the correct index.
- `comment` (optional): A string to attach to the query to help
interpret and trace the operation in the server logs and in profile
data. Pass this as an alternative to calling
:meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.comment` on the cursor.
- `allow_disk_use` (optional): if True, MongoDB may use temporary
disk files to store data exceeding the system memory limit while
processing a blocking sort operation. The option has no effect if
MongoDB can satisfy the specified sort using an index, or if the
blocking sort requires less memory than the 100 MiB limit. This
option is only supported on MongoDB 4.4 and above.
.. note:: There are a number of caveats to using
:attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.EXHAUST` as cursor_type:
- The `limit` option can not be used with an exhaust cursor.
- Exhaust cursors are not supported by mongos and can not be
used with a sharded cluster.
- A :class:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor` instance created with the
:attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.EXHAUST` cursor_type requires an
exclusive :class:`~socket.socket` connection to MongoDB. If the
:class:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor` is discarded without being
completely iterated the underlying :class:`~socket.socket`
connection will be closed and discarded without being returned to
the connection pool.
.. versionchanged:: 4.0
Removed the ``modifiers`` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.11
Added the ``allow_disk_use`` option.
Deprecated the ``oplog_replay`` option. Support for this option is
deprecated in MongoDB 4.4. The query engine now automatically
optimizes queries against the oplog without requiring this
option to be set.
.. versionchanged:: 3.7
Deprecated the ``snapshot`` option, which is deprecated in MongoDB
3.6 and removed in MongoDB 4.0.
Deprecated the ``max_scan`` option. Support for this option is
deprecated in MongoDB 4.0. Use ``max_time_ms`` instead to limit
server-side execution time.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.5
Added the options ``return_key``, ``show_record_id``, ``snapshot``,
``hint``, ``max_time_ms``, ``max_scan``, ``min``, ``max``, and
``comment``.
Deprecated the ``modifiers`` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Added support for the ``collation`` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.0
Changed the parameter names ``spec``, ``fields``, ``timeout``, and
``partial`` to ``filter``, ``projection``, ``no_cursor_timeout``,
and ``allow_partial_results`` respectively.
Added the ``cursor_type``, ``oplog_replay``, and ``modifiers``
options.
Removed the ``network_timeout``, ``read_preference``, ``tag_sets``,
``secondary_acceptable_latency_ms``, ``max_scan``, ``snapshot``,
``tailable``, ``await_data``, ``exhaust``, ``as_class``, and
slave_okay parameters.
Removed ``compile_re`` option: PyMongo now always
represents BSON regular expressions as :class:`~bson.regex.Regex`
objects. Use :meth:`~bson.regex.Regex.try_compile` to attempt to
convert from a BSON regular expression to a Python regular
expression object.
Soft deprecated the ``manipulate`` option.
.. seealso:: The MongoDB documentation on `find <https://dochub.mongodb.org/core/find>`_.
"""
return Cursor(self, *args, **kwargs)
def find_raw_batches(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""Query the database and retrieve batches of raw BSON.
Similar to the :meth:`find` method but returns a
:class:`~pymongo.cursor.RawBatchCursor`.
This example demonstrates how to work with raw batches, but in practice
raw batches should be passed to an external library that can decode
BSON into another data type, rather than used with PyMongo's
:mod:`bson` module.
>>> import bson
>>> cursor = db.test.find_raw_batches()
>>> for batch in cursor:
... print(bson.decode_all(batch))
.. note:: find_raw_batches does not support auto encryption.
.. versionchanged:: 3.12
Instead of ignoring the user-specified read concern, this method
now sends it to the server when connected to MongoDB 3.6+.
Added session support.
.. versionadded:: 3.6
"""
# OP_MSG is required to support encryption.
if self.__database.client._encrypter:
raise InvalidOperation(
"find_raw_batches does not support auto encryption")
return RawBatchCursor(self, *args, **kwargs)
def _count_cmd(self, session, sock_info, secondary_ok, cmd, collation):
"""Internal count command helper."""
# XXX: "ns missing" checks can be removed when we drop support for
# MongoDB 3.0, see SERVER-17051.
res = self._command(
sock_info,
cmd,
secondary_ok,
allowable_errors=["ns missing"],
codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options,
read_concern=self.read_concern,
collation=collation,
session=session)
if res.get("errmsg", "") == "ns missing":
return 0
return int(res["n"])
def _aggregate_one_result(
self, sock_info, secondary_ok, cmd, collation, session):
"""Internal helper to run an aggregate that returns a single result."""
result = self._command(
sock_info,
cmd,
secondary_ok,
allowable_errors=[26], # Ignore NamespaceNotFound.
codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options,
read_concern=self.read_concern,
collation=collation,
session=session)
# cursor will not be present for NamespaceNotFound errors.
if 'cursor' not in result:
return None
batch = result['cursor']['firstBatch']
return batch[0] if batch else None
def estimated_document_count(self, **kwargs):
"""Get an estimate of the number of documents in this collection using
collection metadata.
The :meth:`estimated_document_count` method is **not** supported in a
transaction.
All optional parameters should be passed as keyword arguments
to this method. Valid options include:
- `maxTimeMS` (int): The maximum amount of time to allow this
operation to run, in milliseconds.
:Parameters:
- `**kwargs` (optional): See list of options above.
.. versionadded:: 3.7
"""
if 'session' in kwargs:
raise ConfigurationError(
'estimated_document_count does not support sessions')
def _cmd(session, server, sock_info, secondary_ok):
if sock_info.max_wire_version >= 12:
# MongoDB 4.9+
pipeline = [
{'$collStats': {'count': {}}},
{'$group': {'_id': 1, 'n': {'$sum': '$count'}}},
]
cmd = SON([('aggregate', self.__name),
('pipeline', pipeline),
('cursor', {})])
cmd.update(kwargs)
result = self._aggregate_one_result(
sock_info, secondary_ok, cmd, collation=None, session=session)
if not result:
return 0
return int(result['n'])
else:
# MongoDB < 4.9
cmd = SON([('count', self.__name)])
cmd.update(kwargs)
return self._count_cmd(None, sock_info, secondary_ok, cmd, None)
return self.__database.client._retryable_read(
_cmd, self.read_preference, None)
def count_documents(self, filter, session=None, **kwargs):
"""Count the number of documents in this collection.
.. note:: For a fast count of the total documents in a collection see
:meth:`estimated_document_count`.
The :meth:`count_documents` method is supported in a transaction.
All optional parameters should be passed as keyword arguments
to this method. Valid options include:
- `skip` (int): The number of matching documents to skip before
returning results.
- `limit` (int): The maximum number of documents to count. Must be
a positive integer. If not provided, no limit is imposed.
- `maxTimeMS` (int): The maximum amount of time to allow this
operation to run, in milliseconds.
- `collation` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. This option is only supported
on MongoDB 3.4 and above.
- `hint` (string or list of tuples): The index to use. Specify either
the index name as a string or the index specification as a list of
tuples (e.g. [('a', pymongo.ASCENDING), ('b', pymongo.ASCENDING)]).
This option is only supported on MongoDB 3.6 and above.
The :meth:`count_documents` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of
this :class:`Collection`.
.. note:: When migrating from :meth:`count` to :meth:`count_documents`
the following query operators must be replaced:
+-------------+-------------------------------------+
| Operator | Replacement |
+=============+=====================================+
| $where | `$expr`_ |
+-------------+-------------------------------------+
| $near | `$geoWithin`_ with `$center`_ |
+-------------+-------------------------------------+
| $nearSphere | `$geoWithin`_ with `$centerSphere`_ |
+-------------+-------------------------------------+
$expr requires MongoDB 3.6+
:Parameters:
- `filter` (required): A query document that selects which documents
to count in the collection. Can be an empty document to count all
documents.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `**kwargs` (optional): See list of options above.
.. versionadded:: 3.7
.. _$expr: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/operator/query/expr/
.. _$geoWithin: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/operator/query/geoWithin/
.. _$center: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/operator/query/center/#op._S_center
.. _$centerSphere: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/operator/query/centerSphere/#op._S_centerSphere
"""
pipeline = [{'$match': filter}]
if 'skip' in kwargs:
pipeline.append({'$skip': kwargs.pop('skip')})
if 'limit' in kwargs:
pipeline.append({'$limit': kwargs.pop('limit')})
pipeline.append({'$group': {'_id': 1, 'n': {'$sum': 1}}})
cmd = SON([('aggregate', self.__name),
('pipeline', pipeline),
('cursor', {})])
if "hint" in kwargs and not isinstance(kwargs["hint"], str):
kwargs["hint"] = helpers._index_document(kwargs["hint"])
collation = validate_collation_or_none(kwargs.pop('collation', None))
cmd.update(kwargs)
def _cmd(session, server, sock_info, secondary_ok):
result = self._aggregate_one_result(
sock_info, secondary_ok, cmd, collation, session)
if not result:
return 0
return result['n']
return self.__database.client._retryable_read(
_cmd, self._read_preference_for(session), session)
def create_indexes(self, indexes, session=None, **kwargs):
"""Create one or more indexes on this collection.
>>> from pymongo import IndexModel, ASCENDING, DESCENDING
>>> index1 = IndexModel([("hello", DESCENDING),
... ("world", ASCENDING)], name="hello_world")
>>> index2 = IndexModel([("goodbye", DESCENDING)])
>>> db.test.create_indexes([index1, index2])
["hello_world", "goodbye_-1"]
:Parameters:
- `indexes`: A list of :class:`~pymongo.operations.IndexModel`
instances.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `**kwargs` (optional): optional arguments to the createIndexes
command (like maxTimeMS) can be passed as keyword arguments.
.. note:: `create_indexes` uses the `createIndexes`_ command
introduced in MongoDB **2.6** and cannot be used with earlier
versions.
.. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of
this collection is automatically applied to this operation when using
MongoDB >= 3.4.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter. Added support for arbitrary keyword
arguments.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation
when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4.
.. versionadded:: 3.0
.. _createIndexes: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/command/createIndexes/
"""
common.validate_list('indexes', indexes)
return self.__create_indexes(indexes, session, **kwargs)
def __create_indexes(self, indexes, session, **kwargs):
"""Internal createIndexes helper.
:Parameters:
- `indexes`: A list of :class:`~pymongo.operations.IndexModel`
instances.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `**kwargs` (optional): optional arguments to the createIndexes
command (like maxTimeMS) can be passed as keyword arguments.
"""
names = []
with self._socket_for_writes(session) as sock_info:
supports_collations = sock_info.max_wire_version >= 5
supports_quorum = sock_info.max_wire_version >= 9
def gen_indexes():
for index in indexes:
if not isinstance(index, IndexModel):
raise TypeError(
"%r is not an instance of "
"pymongo.operations.IndexModel" % (index,))
document = index.document
if "collation" in document and not supports_collations:
raise ConfigurationError(
"Must be connected to MongoDB "
"3.4+ to use collations.")
names.append(document["name"])
yield document
cmd = SON([('createIndexes', self.name),
('indexes', list(gen_indexes()))])
cmd.update(kwargs)
if 'commitQuorum' in kwargs and not supports_quorum:
raise ConfigurationError(
"Must be connected to MongoDB 4.4+ to use the "
"commitQuorum option for createIndexes")
self._command(
sock_info, cmd, read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY,
codec_options=_UNICODE_REPLACE_CODEC_OPTIONS,
write_concern=self._write_concern_for(session),
session=session)
return names
def create_index(self, keys, session=None, **kwargs):
"""Creates an index on this collection.
Takes either a single key or a list of (key, direction) pairs.
The key(s) must be an instance of :class:`basestring`
(:class:`str` in python 3), and the direction(s) must be one of
(:data:`~pymongo.ASCENDING`, :data:`~pymongo.DESCENDING`,
:data:`~pymongo.GEO2D`, :data:`~pymongo.GEOSPHERE`,
:data:`~pymongo.HASHED`, :data:`~pymongo.TEXT`).
To create a single key ascending index on the key ``'mike'`` we just
use a string argument::
>>> my_collection.create_index("mike")
For a compound index on ``'mike'`` descending and ``'eliot'``
ascending we need to use a list of tuples::
>>> my_collection.create_index([("mike", pymongo.DESCENDING),
... ("eliot", pymongo.ASCENDING)])
All optional index creation parameters should be passed as
keyword arguments to this method. For example::
>>> my_collection.create_index([("mike", pymongo.DESCENDING)],
... background=True)
Valid options include, but are not limited to:
- `name`: custom name to use for this index - if none is
given, a name will be generated.
- `unique`: if ``True``, creates a uniqueness constraint on the
index.
- `background`: if ``True``, this index should be created in the
background.
- `sparse`: if ``True``, omit from the index any documents that lack
the indexed field.
- `bucketSize`: for use with geoHaystack indexes.
Number of documents to group together within a certain proximity
to a given longitude and latitude.
- `min`: minimum value for keys in a :data:`~pymongo.GEO2D`
index.
- `max`: maximum value for keys in a :data:`~pymongo.GEO2D`
index.
- `expireAfterSeconds`: <int> Used to create an expiring (TTL)
collection. MongoDB will automatically delete documents from
this collection after <int> seconds. The indexed field must
be a UTC datetime or the data will not expire.
- `partialFilterExpression`: A document that specifies a filter for
a partial index. Requires MongoDB >=3.2.
- `collation` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. Requires MongoDB >= 3.4.
- `wildcardProjection`: Allows users to include or exclude specific
field paths from a `wildcard index`_ using the {"$**" : 1} key
pattern. Requires MongoDB >= 4.2.
- `hidden`: if ``True``, this index will be hidden from the query
planner and will not be evaluated as part of query plan
selection. Requires MongoDB >= 4.4.
See the MongoDB documentation for a full list of supported options by
server version.
.. warning:: `dropDups` is not supported by MongoDB 3.0 or newer. The
option is silently ignored by the server and unique index builds
using the option will fail if a duplicate value is detected.
.. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of
this collection is automatically applied to this operation when using
MongoDB >= 3.4.
:Parameters:
- `keys`: a single key or a list of (key, direction)
pairs specifying the index to create
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `**kwargs` (optional): any additional index creation
options (see the above list) should be passed as keyword
arguments
.. versionchanged:: 3.11
Added the ``hidden`` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter. Added support for passing maxTimeMS
in kwargs.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation
when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4. Support the `collation` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.2
Added partialFilterExpression to support partial indexes.
.. versionchanged:: 3.0
Renamed `key_or_list` to `keys`. Removed the `cache_for` option.
:meth:`create_index` no longer caches index names. Removed support
for the drop_dups and bucket_size aliases.
.. seealso:: The MongoDB documentation on `indexes <https://dochub.mongodb.org/core/indexes>`_.
.. _wildcard index: https://docs.mongodb.com/master/core/index-wildcard/#wildcard-index-core
"""
cmd_options = {}
if "maxTimeMS" in kwargs:
cmd_options["maxTimeMS"] = kwargs.pop("maxTimeMS")
index = IndexModel(keys, **kwargs)
return self.__create_indexes([index], session, **cmd_options)[0]
def drop_indexes(self, session=None, **kwargs):
"""Drops all indexes on this collection.
Can be used on non-existant collections or collections with no indexes.
Raises OperationFailure on an error.
:Parameters:
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `**kwargs` (optional): optional arguments to the createIndexes
command (like maxTimeMS) can be passed as keyword arguments.
.. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of
this collection is automatically applied to this operation when using
MongoDB >= 3.4.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter. Added support for arbitrary keyword
arguments.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation
when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4.
"""
self.drop_index("*", session=session, **kwargs)
def drop_index(self, index_or_name, session=None, **kwargs):
"""Drops the specified index on this collection.
Can be used on non-existant collections or collections with no
indexes. Raises OperationFailure on an error (e.g. trying to
drop an index that does not exist). `index_or_name`
can be either an index name (as returned by `create_index`),
or an index specifier (as passed to `create_index`). An index
specifier should be a list of (key, direction) pairs. Raises
TypeError if index is not an instance of (str, unicode, list).
.. warning::
if a custom name was used on index creation (by
passing the `name` parameter to :meth:`create_index`) the index
**must** be dropped by name.
:Parameters:
- `index_or_name`: index (or name of index) to drop
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `**kwargs` (optional): optional arguments to the createIndexes
command (like maxTimeMS) can be passed as keyword arguments.
.. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of
this collection is automatically applied to this operation when using
MongoDB >= 3.4.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter. Added support for arbitrary keyword
arguments.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation
when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4.
"""
name = index_or_name
if isinstance(index_or_name, list):
name = helpers._gen_index_name(index_or_name)
if not isinstance(name, str):
raise TypeError("index_or_name must be an instance of str or list")
cmd = SON([("dropIndexes", self.__name), ("index", name)])
cmd.update(kwargs)
with self._socket_for_writes(session) as sock_info:
self._command(sock_info,
cmd,
read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY,
allowable_errors=["ns not found", 26],
write_concern=self._write_concern_for(session),
session=session)
def list_indexes(self, session=None):
"""Get a cursor over the index documents for this collection.
>>> for index in db.test.list_indexes():
... print(index)
...
SON([('v', 2), ('key', SON([('_id', 1)])), ('name', '_id_')])
:Parameters:
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
:Returns:
An instance of :class:`~pymongo.command_cursor.CommandCursor`.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
.. versionadded:: 3.0
"""
codec_options = CodecOptions(SON)
coll = self.with_options(codec_options=codec_options,
read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY)
read_pref = ((session and session._txn_read_preference())
or ReadPreference.PRIMARY)
def _cmd(session, server, sock_info, secondary_ok):
cmd = SON([("listIndexes", self.__name), ("cursor", {})])
if sock_info.max_wire_version > 2:
with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session, False) as s:
try:
cursor = self._command(sock_info, cmd, secondary_ok,
read_pref,
codec_options,
session=s)["cursor"]
except OperationFailure as exc:
# Ignore NamespaceNotFound errors to match the behavior
# of reading from *.system.indexes.
if exc.code != 26:
raise
cursor = {'id': 0, 'firstBatch': []}
cmd_cursor = CommandCursor(
coll, cursor, sock_info.address, session=s,
explicit_session=session is not None)
else:
res = message._first_batch(
sock_info, self.__database.name, "system.indexes",
{"ns": self.__full_name}, 0, secondary_ok, codec_options,
read_pref, cmd,
self.database.client._event_listeners)
cursor = res["cursor"]
# Note that a collection can only have 64 indexes, so there
# will never be a getMore call.
cmd_cursor = CommandCursor(coll, cursor, sock_info.address)
cmd_cursor._maybe_pin_connection(sock_info)
return cmd_cursor
return self.__database.client._retryable_read(
_cmd, read_pref, session)
def index_information(self, session=None):
"""Get information on this collection's indexes.
Returns a dictionary where the keys are index names (as
returned by create_index()) and the values are dictionaries
containing information about each index. The dictionary is
guaranteed to contain at least a single key, ``"key"`` which
is a list of (key, direction) pairs specifying the index (as
passed to create_index()). It will also contain any other
metadata about the indexes, except for the ``"ns"`` and
``"name"`` keys, which are cleaned. Example output might look
like this:
>>> db.test.create_index("x", unique=True)
'x_1'
>>> db.test.index_information()
{'_id_': {'key': [('_id', 1)]},
'x_1': {'unique': True, 'key': [('x', 1)]}}
:Parameters:
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
"""
cursor = self.list_indexes(session=session)
info = {}
for index in cursor:
index["key"] = index["key"].items()
index = dict(index)
info[index.pop("name")] = index
return info
def options(self, session=None):
"""Get the options set on this collection.
Returns a dictionary of options and their values - see
:meth:`~pymongo.database.Database.create_collection` for more
information on the possible options. Returns an empty
dictionary if the collection has not been created yet.
:Parameters:
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
"""
dbo = self.__database.client.get_database(
self.__database.name,
self.codec_options,
self.read_preference,
self.write_concern,
self.read_concern)
cursor = dbo.list_collections(
session=session, filter={"name": self.__name})
result = None
for doc in cursor:
result = doc
break
if not result:
return {}
options = result.get("options", {})
if "create" in options:
del options["create"]
return options
def _aggregate(self, aggregation_command, pipeline, cursor_class, session,
explicit_session, **kwargs):
cmd = aggregation_command(
self, cursor_class, pipeline, kwargs, explicit_session,
user_fields={'cursor': {'firstBatch': 1}})
return self.__database.client._retryable_read(
cmd.get_cursor, cmd.get_read_preference(session), session,
retryable=not cmd._performs_write)
def aggregate(self, pipeline, session=None, **kwargs):
"""Perform an aggregation using the aggregation framework on this
collection.
The :meth:`aggregate` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of this
:class:`Collection`, except when ``$out`` or ``$merge`` are used, in
which case :attr:`~pymongo.read_preferences.ReadPreference.PRIMARY`
is used.
.. note:: This method does not support the 'explain' option. Please
use :meth:`~pymongo.database.Database.command` instead. An
example is included in the :ref:`aggregate-examples` documentation.
.. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of
this collection is automatically applied to this operation when using
MongoDB >= 3.4.
:Parameters:
- `pipeline`: a list of aggregation pipeline stages
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `**kwargs` (optional): extra `aggregate command`_ parameters.
All optional `aggregate command`_ parameters should be passed as
keyword arguments to this method. Valid options include, but are not
limited to:
- `allowDiskUse` (bool): Enables writing to temporary files. When set
to True, aggregation stages can write data to the _tmp subdirectory
of the --dbpath directory. The default is False.
- `maxTimeMS` (int): The maximum amount of time to allow the operation
to run in milliseconds.
- `batchSize` (int): The maximum number of documents to return per
batch. Ignored if the connected mongod or mongos does not support
returning aggregate results using a cursor.
- `collation` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`.
- `let` (dict): A dict of parameter names and values. Values must be
constant or closed expressions that do not reference document
fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an
aggregate expression context (e.g. ``"$$var"``). This option is
only supported on MongoDB >= 5.0.
:Returns:
A :class:`~pymongo.command_cursor.CommandCursor` over the result
set.
.. versionchanged:: 4.0
Removed the ``useCursor`` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.9
Apply this collection's read concern to pipelines containing the
`$out` stage when connected to MongoDB >= 4.2.
Added support for the ``$merge`` pipeline stage.
Aggregations that write always use read preference
:attr:`~pymongo.read_preferences.ReadPreference.PRIMARY`.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added the `session` parameter. Added the `maxAwaitTimeMS` option.
Deprecated the `useCursor` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation
when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4. Support the `collation` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.0
The :meth:`aggregate` method always returns a CommandCursor. The
pipeline argument must be a list.
.. seealso:: :doc:`/examples/aggregation`
.. _aggregate command:
https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/command/aggregate
"""
with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session, close=False) as s:
return self._aggregate(_CollectionAggregationCommand,
pipeline,
CommandCursor,
session=s,
explicit_session=session is not None,
**kwargs)
def aggregate_raw_batches(self, pipeline, session=None, **kwargs):
"""Perform an aggregation and retrieve batches of raw BSON.
Similar to the :meth:`aggregate` method but returns a
:class:`~pymongo.cursor.RawBatchCursor`.
This example demonstrates how to work with raw batches, but in practice
raw batches should be passed to an external library that can decode
BSON into another data type, rather than used with PyMongo's
:mod:`bson` module.
>>> import bson
>>> cursor = db.test.aggregate_raw_batches([
... {'$project': {'x': {'$multiply': [2, '$x']}}}])
>>> for batch in cursor:
... print(bson.decode_all(batch))
.. note:: aggregate_raw_batches does not support auto encryption.
.. versionchanged:: 3.12
Added session support.
.. versionadded:: 3.6
"""
# OP_MSG is required to support encryption.
if self.__database.client._encrypter:
raise InvalidOperation(
"aggregate_raw_batches does not support auto encryption")
with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session, close=False) as s:
return self._aggregate(_CollectionRawAggregationCommand,
pipeline,
RawBatchCommandCursor,
session=s,
explicit_session=session is not None,
**kwargs)
def watch(self, pipeline=None, full_document=None, resume_after=None,
max_await_time_ms=None, batch_size=None, collation=None,
start_at_operation_time=None, session=None, start_after=None):
"""Watch changes on this collection.
Performs an aggregation with an implicit initial ``$changeStream``
stage and returns a
:class:`~pymongo.change_stream.CollectionChangeStream` cursor which
iterates over changes on this collection.
Introduced in MongoDB 3.6.
.. code-block:: python
with db.collection.watch() as stream:
for change in stream:
print(change)
The :class:`~pymongo.change_stream.CollectionChangeStream` iterable
blocks until the next change document is returned or an error is
raised. If the
:meth:`~pymongo.change_stream.CollectionChangeStream.next` method
encounters a network error when retrieving a batch from the server,
it will automatically attempt to recreate the cursor such that no
change events are missed. Any error encountered during the resume
attempt indicates there may be an outage and will be raised.
.. code-block:: python
try:
with db.collection.watch(
[{'$match': {'operationType': 'insert'}}]) as stream:
for insert_change in stream:
print(insert_change)
except pymongo.errors.PyMongoError:
# The ChangeStream encountered an unrecoverable error or the
# resume attempt failed to recreate the cursor.
logging.error('...')
For a precise description of the resume process see the
`change streams specification`_.
.. note:: Using this helper method is preferred to directly calling
:meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.aggregate` with a
``$changeStream`` stage, for the purpose of supporting
resumability.
.. warning:: This Collection's :attr:`read_concern` must be
``ReadConcern("majority")`` in order to use the ``$changeStream``
stage.
:Parameters:
- `pipeline` (optional): A list of aggregation pipeline stages to
append to an initial ``$changeStream`` stage. Not all
pipeline stages are valid after a ``$changeStream`` stage, see the
MongoDB documentation on change streams for the supported stages.
- `full_document` (optional): The fullDocument to pass as an option
to the ``$changeStream`` stage. Allowed values: 'updateLookup'.
When set to 'updateLookup', the change notification for partial
updates will include both a delta describing the changes to the
document, as well as a copy of the entire document that was
changed from some time after the change occurred.
- `resume_after` (optional): A resume token. If provided, the
change stream will start returning changes that occur directly
after the operation specified in the resume token. A resume token
is the _id value of a change document.
- `max_await_time_ms` (optional): The maximum time in milliseconds
for the server to wait for changes before responding to a getMore
operation.
- `batch_size` (optional): The maximum number of documents to return
per batch.
- `collation` (optional): The :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`
to use for the aggregation.
- `start_at_operation_time` (optional): If provided, the resulting
change stream will only return changes that occurred at or after
the specified :class:`~bson.timestamp.Timestamp`. Requires
MongoDB >= 4.0.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `start_after` (optional): The same as `resume_after` except that
`start_after` can resume notifications after an invalidate event.
This option and `resume_after` are mutually exclusive.
:Returns:
A :class:`~pymongo.change_stream.CollectionChangeStream` cursor.
.. versionchanged:: 3.9
Added the ``start_after`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.7
Added the ``start_at_operation_time`` parameter.
.. versionadded:: 3.6
.. seealso:: The MongoDB documentation on `changeStreams <https://dochub.mongodb.org/core/changeStreams>`_.
.. _change streams specification:
https://github.com/mongodb/specifications/blob/master/source/change-streams/change-streams.rst
"""
return CollectionChangeStream(
self, pipeline, full_document, resume_after, max_await_time_ms,
batch_size, collation, start_at_operation_time, session,
start_after)
def rename(self, new_name, session=None, **kwargs):
"""Rename this collection.
If operating in auth mode, client must be authorized as an
admin to perform this operation. Raises :class:`TypeError` if
`new_name` is not an instance of :class:`basestring`
(:class:`str` in python 3). Raises :class:`~pymongo.errors.InvalidName`
if `new_name` is not a valid collection name.
:Parameters:
- `new_name`: new name for this collection
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `**kwargs` (optional): additional arguments to the rename command
may be passed as keyword arguments to this helper method
(i.e. ``dropTarget=True``)
.. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of
this collection is automatically applied to this operation when using
MongoDB >= 3.4.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation
when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4.
"""
if not isinstance(new_name, str):
raise TypeError("new_name must be an instance of str")
if not new_name or ".." in new_name:
raise InvalidName("collection names cannot be empty")
if new_name[0] == "." or new_name[-1] == ".":
raise InvalidName("collecion names must not start or end with '.'")
if "$" in new_name and not new_name.startswith("oplog.$main"):
raise InvalidName("collection names must not contain '$'")
new_name = "%s.%s" % (self.__database.name, new_name)
cmd = SON([("renameCollection", self.__full_name), ("to", new_name)])
cmd.update(kwargs)
write_concern = self._write_concern_for_cmd(cmd, session)
with self._socket_for_writes(session) as sock_info:
with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session) as s:
return sock_info.command(
'admin', cmd,
write_concern=write_concern,
parse_write_concern_error=True,
session=s, client=self.__database.client)
def distinct(self, key, filter=None, session=None, **kwargs):
"""Get a list of distinct values for `key` among all documents
in this collection.
Raises :class:`TypeError` if `key` is not an instance of
:class:`basestring` (:class:`str` in python 3).
All optional distinct parameters should be passed as keyword arguments
to this method. Valid options include:
- `maxTimeMS` (int): The maximum amount of time to allow the count
command to run, in milliseconds.
- `collation` (optional): An instance of
:class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. This option is only supported
on MongoDB 3.4 and above.
The :meth:`distinct` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of
this :class:`Collection`.
:Parameters:
- `key`: name of the field for which we want to get the distinct
values
- `filter` (optional): A query document that specifies the documents
from which to retrieve the distinct values.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `**kwargs` (optional): See list of options above.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Support the `collation` option.
"""
if not isinstance(key, str):
raise TypeError("key must be an instance of str")
cmd = SON([("distinct", self.__name),
("key", key)])
if filter is not None:
if "query" in kwargs:
raise ConfigurationError("can't pass both filter and query")
kwargs["query"] = filter
collation = validate_collation_or_none(kwargs.pop('collation', None))
cmd.update(kwargs)
def _cmd(session, server, sock_info, secondary_ok):
return self._command(
sock_info, cmd, secondary_ok, read_concern=self.read_concern,
collation=collation, session=session,
user_fields={"values": 1})["values"]
return self.__database.client._retryable_read(
_cmd, self._read_preference_for(session), session)
def _write_concern_for_cmd(self, cmd, session):
raw_wc = cmd.get('writeConcern')
if raw_wc is not None:
return WriteConcern(**raw_wc)
else:
return self._write_concern_for(session)
def __find_and_modify(self, filter, projection, sort, upsert=None,
return_document=ReturnDocument.BEFORE,
array_filters=None, hint=None, session=None,
**kwargs):
"""Internal findAndModify helper."""
common.validate_is_mapping("filter", filter)
if not isinstance(return_document, bool):
raise ValueError("return_document must be "
"ReturnDocument.BEFORE or ReturnDocument.AFTER")
collation = validate_collation_or_none(kwargs.pop('collation', None))
cmd = SON([("findAndModify", self.__name),
("query", filter),
("new", return_document)])
cmd.update(kwargs)
if projection is not None:
cmd["fields"] = helpers._fields_list_to_dict(projection,
"projection")
if sort is not None:
cmd["sort"] = helpers._index_document(sort)
if upsert is not None:
common.validate_boolean("upsert", upsert)
cmd["upsert"] = upsert
if hint is not None:
if not isinstance(hint, str):
hint = helpers._index_document(hint)
write_concern = self._write_concern_for_cmd(cmd, session)
def _find_and_modify(session, sock_info, retryable_write):
if array_filters is not None:
if sock_info.max_wire_version < 6:
raise ConfigurationError(
'Must be connected to MongoDB 3.6+ to use '
'arrayFilters.')
if not write_concern.acknowledged:
raise ConfigurationError(
'arrayFilters is unsupported for unacknowledged '
'writes.')
cmd["arrayFilters"] = array_filters
if hint is not None:
if sock_info.max_wire_version < 8:
raise ConfigurationError(
'Must be connected to MongoDB 4.2+ to use hint.')
if not write_concern.acknowledged:
raise ConfigurationError(
'hint is unsupported for unacknowledged writes.')
cmd['hint'] = hint
if (sock_info.max_wire_version >= 4 and
not write_concern.is_server_default):
cmd['writeConcern'] = write_concern.document
out = self._command(sock_info, cmd,
read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY,
write_concern=write_concern,
collation=collation, session=session,
retryable_write=retryable_write,
user_fields=_FIND_AND_MODIFY_DOC_FIELDS)
_check_write_command_response(out)
return out.get("value")
return self.__database.client._retryable_write(
write_concern.acknowledged, _find_and_modify, session)
def find_one_and_delete(self, filter,
projection=None, sort=None, hint=None,
session=None, **kwargs):
"""Finds a single document and deletes it, returning the document.
>>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1})
2
>>> db.test.find_one_and_delete({'x': 1})
{'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f4e12bfba5220aa4d6dee8')}
>>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1})
1
If multiple documents match *filter*, a *sort* can be applied.
>>> for doc in db.test.find({'x': 1}):
... print(doc)
...
{'x': 1, '_id': 0}
{'x': 1, '_id': 1}
{'x': 1, '_id': 2}
>>> db.test.find_one_and_delete(
... {'x': 1}, sort=[('_id', pymongo.DESCENDING)])
{'x': 1, '_id': 2}
The *projection* option can be used to limit the fields returned.
>>> db.test.find_one_and_delete({'x': 1}, projection={'_id': False})
{'x': 1}
:Parameters:
- `filter`: A query that matches the document to delete.
- `projection` (optional): a list of field names that should be
returned in the result document or a mapping specifying the fields
to include or exclude. If `projection` is a list "_id" will
always be returned. Use a mapping to exclude fields from
the result (e.g. projection={'_id': False}).
- `sort` (optional): a list of (key, direction) pairs
specifying the sort order for the query. If multiple documents
match the query, they are sorted and the first is deleted.
- `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query predicate
specified either by its string name, or in the same format as
passed to :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index`
(e.g. ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported
on MongoDB 4.4 and above.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `**kwargs` (optional): additional command arguments can be passed
as keyword arguments (for example maxTimeMS can be used with
recent server versions).
.. versionchanged:: 3.11
Added ``hint`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.2
Respects write concern.
.. warning:: Starting in PyMongo 3.2, this command uses the
:class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern` of this
:class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` when connected to MongoDB >=
3.2. Note that using an elevated write concern with this command may
be slower compared to using the default write concern.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Added the `collation` option.
.. versionadded:: 3.0
"""
kwargs['remove'] = True
return self.__find_and_modify(filter, projection, sort,
hint=hint, session=session, **kwargs)
def find_one_and_replace(self, filter, replacement,
projection=None, sort=None, upsert=False,
return_document=ReturnDocument.BEFORE,
hint=None, session=None, **kwargs):
"""Finds a single document and replaces it, returning either the
original or the replaced document.
The :meth:`find_one_and_replace` method differs from
:meth:`find_one_and_update` by replacing the document matched by
*filter*, rather than modifying the existing document.
>>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
... print(doc)
...
{'x': 1, '_id': 0}
{'x': 1, '_id': 1}
{'x': 1, '_id': 2}
>>> db.test.find_one_and_replace({'x': 1}, {'y': 1})
{'x': 1, '_id': 0}
>>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
... print(doc)
...
{'y': 1, '_id': 0}
{'x': 1, '_id': 1}
{'x': 1, '_id': 2}
:Parameters:
- `filter`: A query that matches the document to replace.
- `replacement`: The replacement document.
- `projection` (optional): A list of field names that should be
returned in the result document or a mapping specifying the fields
to include or exclude. If `projection` is a list "_id" will
always be returned. Use a mapping to exclude fields from
the result (e.g. projection={'_id': False}).
- `sort` (optional): a list of (key, direction) pairs
specifying the sort order for the query. If multiple documents
match the query, they are sorted and the first is replaced.
- `upsert` (optional): When ``True``, inserts a new document if no
document matches the query. Defaults to ``False``.
- `return_document`: If
:attr:`ReturnDocument.BEFORE` (the default),
returns the original document before it was replaced, or ``None``
if no document matches. If
:attr:`ReturnDocument.AFTER`, returns the replaced
or inserted document.
- `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query
predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same
format as passed to
:meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on
MongoDB 4.4 and above.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `**kwargs` (optional): additional command arguments can be passed
as keyword arguments (for example maxTimeMS can be used with
recent server versions).
.. versionchanged:: 3.11
Added the ``hint`` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added ``session`` parameter.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Added the ``collation`` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.2
Respects write concern.
.. warning:: Starting in PyMongo 3.2, this command uses the
:class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern` of this
:class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` when connected to MongoDB >=
3.2. Note that using an elevated write concern with this command may
be slower compared to using the default write concern.
.. versionadded:: 3.0
"""
common.validate_ok_for_replace(replacement)
kwargs['update'] = replacement
return self.__find_and_modify(filter, projection,
sort, upsert, return_document,
hint=hint, session=session, **kwargs)
def find_one_and_update(self, filter, update,
projection=None, sort=None, upsert=False,
return_document=ReturnDocument.BEFORE,
array_filters=None, hint=None, session=None,
**kwargs):
"""Finds a single document and updates it, returning either the
original or the updated document.
>>> db.test.find_one_and_update(
... {'_id': 665}, {'$inc': {'count': 1}, '$set': {'done': True}})
{'_id': 665, 'done': False, 'count': 25}}
Returns ``None`` if no document matches the filter.
>>> db.test.find_one_and_update(
... {'_exists': False}, {'$inc': {'count': 1}})
When the filter matches, by default :meth:`find_one_and_update`
returns the original version of the document before the update was
applied. To return the updated (or inserted in the case of
*upsert*) version of the document instead, use the *return_document*
option.
>>> from pymongo import ReturnDocument
>>> db.example.find_one_and_update(
... {'_id': 'userid'},
... {'$inc': {'seq': 1}},
... return_document=ReturnDocument.AFTER)
{'_id': 'userid', 'seq': 1}
You can limit the fields returned with the *projection* option.
>>> db.example.find_one_and_update(
... {'_id': 'userid'},
... {'$inc': {'seq': 1}},
... projection={'seq': True, '_id': False},
... return_document=ReturnDocument.AFTER)
{'seq': 2}
The *upsert* option can be used to create the document if it doesn't
already exist.
>>> db.example.delete_many({}).deleted_count
1
>>> db.example.find_one_and_update(
... {'_id': 'userid'},
... {'$inc': {'seq': 1}},
... projection={'seq': True, '_id': False},
... upsert=True,
... return_document=ReturnDocument.AFTER)
{'seq': 1}
If multiple documents match *filter*, a *sort* can be applied.
>>> for doc in db.test.find({'done': True}):
... print(doc)
...
{'_id': 665, 'done': True, 'result': {'count': 26}}
{'_id': 701, 'done': True, 'result': {'count': 17}}
>>> db.test.find_one_and_update(
... {'done': True},
... {'$set': {'final': True}},
... sort=[('_id', pymongo.DESCENDING)])
{'_id': 701, 'done': True, 'result': {'count': 17}}
:Parameters:
- `filter`: A query that matches the document to update.
- `update`: The update operations to apply.
- `projection` (optional): A list of field names that should be
returned in the result document or a mapping specifying the fields
to include or exclude. If `projection` is a list "_id" will
always be returned. Use a dict to exclude fields from
the result (e.g. projection={'_id': False}).
- `sort` (optional): a list of (key, direction) pairs
specifying the sort order for the query. If multiple documents
match the query, they are sorted and the first is updated.
- `upsert` (optional): When ``True``, inserts a new document if no
document matches the query. Defaults to ``False``.
- `return_document`: If
:attr:`ReturnDocument.BEFORE` (the default),
returns the original document before it was updated. If
:attr:`ReturnDocument.AFTER`, returns the updated
or inserted document.
- `array_filters` (optional): A list of filters specifying which
array elements an update should apply. This option is only
supported on MongoDB 3.6 and above.
- `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query
predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same
format as passed to
:meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on
MongoDB 4.4 and above.
- `session` (optional): a
:class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
- `**kwargs` (optional): additional command arguments can be passed
as keyword arguments (for example maxTimeMS can be used with
recent server versions).
.. versionchanged:: 3.11
Added the ``hint`` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.9
Added the ability to accept a pipeline as the ``update``.
.. versionchanged:: 3.6
Added the ``array_filters`` and ``session`` options.
.. versionchanged:: 3.4
Added the ``collation`` option.
.. versionchanged:: 3.2
Respects write concern.
.. warning:: Starting in PyMongo 3.2, this command uses the
:class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern` of this
:class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` when connected to MongoDB >=
3.2. Note that using an elevated write concern with this command may
be slower compared to using the default write concern.
.. versionadded:: 3.0
"""
common.validate_ok_for_update(update)
common.validate_list_or_none('array_filters', array_filters)
kwargs['update'] = update
return self.__find_and_modify(filter, projection,
sort, upsert, return_document,
array_filters, hint=hint,
session=session, **kwargs)
def __iter__(self):
return self
def __next__(self):
raise TypeError("'Collection' object is not iterable")
next = __next__
def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""This is only here so that some API misusages are easier to debug.
"""
if "." not in self.__name:
raise TypeError("'Collection' object is not callable. If you "
"meant to call the '%s' method on a 'Database' "
"object it is failing because no such method "
"exists." %
self.__name)
raise TypeError("'Collection' object is not callable. If you meant to "
"call the '%s' method on a 'Collection' object it is "
"failing because no such method exists." %
self.__name.split(".")[-1])
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