diff --git a/pymongo/bulk.py b/pymongo/bulk.py
index 0189c2eac..76d024d9c 100644
--- a/pymongo/bulk.py
+++ b/pymongo/bulk.py
@@ -302,7 +302,8 @@ class _Bulk(object):
                     if retryable and not self.started_retryable_write:
                         session._start_retryable_write()
                         self.started_retryable_write = True
-                    session._apply_to(cmd, retryable, ReadPreference.PRIMARY)
+                    session._apply_to(cmd, retryable, ReadPreference.PRIMARY,
+                                      sock_info)
                 sock_info.send_cluster_time(cmd, session, client)
                 ops = islice(run.ops, run.idx_offset, None)
                 # Run as many ops as possible in one command.
diff --git a/pymongo/client_session.py b/pymongo/client_session.py
index 5f4402de6..5471a358d 100644
--- a/pymongo/client_session.py
+++ b/pymongo/client_session.py
@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ class ClientSession(object):
             return self._transaction.opts.read_preference
         return None
 
-    def _apply_to(self, command, is_retryable, read_preference):
+    def _apply_to(self, command, is_retryable, read_preference, sock_info):
         self._check_ended()
 
         self._server_session.last_use = monotonic.time()
@@ -891,7 +891,7 @@ class ClientSession(object):
                     rc = self._transaction.opts.read_concern.document
                     if rc:
                         command['readConcern'] = rc
-                self._update_read_concern(command)
+                self._update_read_concern(command, sock_info)
 
             command['txnNumber'] = self._server_session.transaction_id
             command['autocommit'] = False
@@ -900,12 +900,15 @@ class ClientSession(object):
         self._check_ended()
         self._server_session.inc_transaction_id()
 
-    def _update_read_concern(self, cmd):
+    def _update_read_concern(self, cmd, sock_info):
         if (self.options.causal_consistency
                 and self.operation_time is not None):
             cmd.setdefault('readConcern', {})[
                 'afterClusterTime'] = self.operation_time
         if self.options.snapshot:
+            if sock_info.max_wire_version < 13:
+                raise ConfigurationError(
+                    'Snapshot reads require MongoDB 5.0 or later')
             rc = cmd.setdefault('readConcern', {})
             rc['level'] = 'snapshot'
             if self._snapshot_time is not None:
diff --git a/pymongo/message.py b/pymongo/message.py
index 82319419e..ac5c1f2c5 100644
--- a/pymongo/message.py
+++ b/pymongo/message.py
@@ -315,10 +315,10 @@ class _Query(object):
         session = self.session
         sock_info.add_server_api(cmd)
         if session:
-            session._apply_to(cmd, False, self.read_preference)
+            session._apply_to(cmd, False, self.read_preference, sock_info)
             # Explain does not support readConcern.
             if not explain and not session.in_transaction:
-                session._update_read_concern(cmd)
+                session._update_read_concern(cmd, sock_info)
         sock_info.send_cluster_time(cmd, session, self.client)
         # Support auto encryption
         client = self.client
@@ -420,7 +420,7 @@ class _GetMore(object):
                                     self.max_await_time_ms)
 
         if self.session:
-            self.session._apply_to(cmd, False, self.read_preference)
+            self.session._apply_to(cmd, False, self.read_preference, sock_info)
         sock_info.add_server_api(cmd)
         sock_info.send_cluster_time(cmd, self.session, self.client)
         # Support auto encryption
diff --git a/pymongo/network.py b/pymongo/network.py
index d965f6dfd..0bd4aba7c 100644
--- a/pymongo/network.py
+++ b/pymongo/network.py
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def command(sock_info, dbname, spec, slave_ok, is_mongos,
         if read_concern.level:
             spec['readConcern'] = read_concern.document
         if session:
-            session._update_read_concern(spec)
+            session._update_read_concern(spec, sock_info)
     if collation is not None:
         spec['collation'] = collation
 
diff --git a/pymongo/pool.py b/pymongo/pool.py
index b1eb49009..62ccca2e2 100644
--- a/pymongo/pool.py
+++ b/pymongo/pool.py
@@ -736,7 +736,8 @@ class SocketInfo(object):
 
         self.add_server_api(spec)
         if session:
-            session._apply_to(spec, retryable_write, read_preference)
+            session._apply_to(spec, retryable_write, read_preference,
+                              self)
         self.send_cluster_time(spec, session, client)
         listeners = self.listeners if publish_events else None
         unacknowledged = write_concern and not write_concern.acknowledged
diff --git a/test/sessions/unified/snapshot-sessions-not-supported-client-error.json b/test/sessions/unified/snapshot-sessions-not-supported-client-error.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..129aa8d74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/sessions/unified/snapshot-sessions-not-supported-client-error.json
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+{
+  "description": "snapshot-sessions-not-supported-client-error",
+  "schemaVersion": "1.0",
+  "runOnRequirements": [
+    {
+      "minServerVersion": "3.6",
+      "maxServerVersion": "4.4.99"
+    }
+  ],
+  "createEntities": [
+    {
+      "client": {
+        "id": "client0",
+        "observeEvents": [
+          "commandStartedEvent",
+          "commandFailedEvent"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "database": {
+        "id": "database0",
+        "client": "client0",
+        "databaseName": "database0"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "collection": {
+        "id": "collection0",
+        "database": "database0",
+        "collectionName": "collection0"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "session": {
+        "id": "session0",
+        "client": "client0",
+        "sessionOptions": {
+          "snapshot": true
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  ],
+  "initialData": [
+    {
+      "collectionName": "collection0",
+      "databaseName": "database0",
+      "documents": [
+        {
+          "_id": 1,
+          "x": 11
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ],
+  "tests": [
+    {
+      "description": "Client error on find with snapshot",
+      "operations": [
+        {
+          "name": "find",
+          "object": "collection0",
+          "arguments": {
+            "session": "session0",
+            "filter": {}
+          },
+          "expectError": {
+            "isClientError": true,
+            "errorContains": "Snapshot reads require MongoDB 5.0 or later"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "expectEvents": []
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Client error on aggregate with snapshot",
+      "operations": [
+        {
+          "name": "aggregate",
+          "object": "collection0",
+          "arguments": {
+            "session": "session0",
+            "pipeline": []
+          },
+          "expectError": {
+            "isClientError": true,
+            "errorContains": "Snapshot reads require MongoDB 5.0 or later"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "expectEvents": []
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Client error on distinct with snapshot",
+      "operations": [
+        {
+          "name": "distinct",
+          "object": "collection0",
+          "arguments": {
+            "fieldName": "x",
+            "filter": {},
+            "session": "session0"
+          },
+          "expectError": {
+            "isClientError": true,
+            "errorContains": "Snapshot reads require MongoDB 5.0 or later"
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "expectEvents": []
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/test/sessions/unified/snapshot-sessions-not-supported-server-error.json b/test/sessions/unified/snapshot-sessions-not-supported-server-error.json
index b6ce00216..79213f314 100644
--- a/test/sessions/unified/snapshot-sessions-not-supported-server-error.json
+++ b/test/sessions/unified/snapshot-sessions-not-supported-server-error.json
@@ -3,11 +3,7 @@
   "schemaVersion": "1.0",
   "runOnRequirements": [
     {
-      "minServerVersion": "3.6",
-      "maxServerVersion": "4.4.99"
-    },
-    {
-      "minServerVersion": "3.6",
+      "minServerVersion": "5.0",
       "topologies": [
         "single"
       ]
@@ -20,11 +16,6 @@
         "observeEvents": [
           "commandStartedEvent",
           "commandFailedEvent"
-        ],
-        "ignoreCommandMonitoringEvents": [
-          "findAndModify",
-          "insert",
-          "update"
         ]
       }
     },
@@ -106,6 +97,91 @@
           ]
         }
       ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Server returns an error on aggregate with snapshot",
+      "operations": [
+        {
+          "name": "aggregate",
+          "object": "collection0",
+          "arguments": {
+            "session": "session0",
+            "pipeline": []
+          },
+          "expectError": {
+            "isError": true,
+            "isClientError": false
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "expectEvents": [
+        {
+          "client": "client0",
+          "events": [
+            {
+              "commandStartedEvent": {
+                "command": {
+                  "aggregate": "collection0",
+                  "readConcern": {
+                    "level": "snapshot",
+                    "atClusterTime": {
+                      "$$exists": false
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            },
+            {
+              "commandFailedEvent": {
+                "commandName": "aggregate"
+              }
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "Server returns an error on distinct with snapshot",
+      "operations": [
+        {
+          "name": "distinct",
+          "object": "collection0",
+          "arguments": {
+            "fieldName": "x",
+            "filter": {},
+            "session": "session0"
+          },
+          "expectError": {
+            "isError": true,
+            "isClientError": false
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      "expectEvents": [
+        {
+          "client": "client0",
+          "events": [
+            {
+              "commandStartedEvent": {
+                "command": {
+                  "distinct": "collection0",
+                  "readConcern": {
+                    "level": "snapshot",
+                    "atClusterTime": {
+                      "$$exists": false
+                    }
+                  }
+                }
+              }
+            },
+            {
+              "commandFailedEvent": {
+                "commandName": "distinct"
+              }
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
     }
   ]
 }